100 - 200 CE
Israel Is Ruled from Rome
Synagogues Prove Israelite Presence in the Land of Israel, Bar Kokhba Revolt against Emperor Hadrian, The Celebration of Succoth, The Mishnah (Study by oral repetition)
In the Second Century, Israel, ruled from Rome, was adapting to a new reality where communal worship in synagogues had replaced the Temple service. Antisemitism continued unabated throughout the Roman Empire, and the hostility forced the Jews into perhaps the largest revolts of the Roman Era, led by Simon Bar Kochba. The Jewish revolts cost Rome more manpower and material losses than any other war.
Emperor Hadrian finally expelled all Jews from Jerusalem, razed the city to the ground, and rebuilt a pagan city called Aelia Capitolina. He maliciously changed the name Judea to Syria Palaestina, better known today as Palestine, named after Israel's archenemy during the times of King David, the Philistines, which means “invaders.”
