1200-1300 CE
From the Ayyubid Conquest to Mamluk Dominion and a Mongol Invasion
Explore Ayyubid and Mamluk rule in the Holy Land, the Mongol invasion, and accounts from Marco Polo and Nachmanides during this pivotal medieval period.
The geographical location of the Land of Israel lies at the intersection of Europe, the Middle East & Asia, and Africa.
As a result, it is inevitably trapped between the geopolitical power shifts of empires waxing and waning, with the Jews often caught in the crosshairs.
By 1234 CE, the Roman Catholic Church established the Inquisition, a judicial procedure to identify, prosecute, and punish heresy from Church doctrine, ultimately resulting in full-blown Jewish expulsions from the countries enforcing it.
The 13th century saw the land changing hands from the Ayyubid caliphate into Mamluk rule, a Mongol invasion, and a visit from Marco Polo.
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